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Golden Lakes 13 External links The military penetration of southern Florida offered the opportunity to map a poorly understood and largely unknown part of the country an 1840 expedition into the Everglades offered the first printed account for the general public to read about the Everglades the anonymous writer described the terrain the party was crossing:. . Main article: Tropical hardwood hammock 1 Background and history There are five intermediate waters: four low-salinity waters formed at subpolar latitudes and one high-salinity formed through evaporation Arctic Intermediate Water flows from north to become the source for North Atlantic Deep Water south of the Greenland-Scotland sill These two intermediate waters have different salinity in the western and eastern basins the wide range of salinities in the North Atlantic is caused by the asymmetry of the northern subtropical gyre and the large number of contributions from a wide range of sources: Labrador Sea Norwegian-Greenland Sea Mediterranean and South Atlantic Intermediate Water! (35) 51.13 Spain regained both East and West Florida after Britain's defeat in the American Revolution and the subsequent Treaty of Versailles in 1783 and continued the provincial divisions until 1821, The founders located the campus on the site of the original Tamiami Airport (not related to the later Kendall-Tamiami Airport) on the Tamiami Trail (U.S Route 41) between Southwest 107th and 117th Avenues just east of where the West Dade Expressway (now the Homestead Extension of Florida's Turnpike) was being planned the abandoned airport's air traffic control tower became FIU's first building it originally had no telephones no drinking water and no furniture Perry decided that the tower should never be destroyed and it remains on campus where it is now known variously as the "Veterans Office," "Ivory Tower," the "Tower Building," or the "Public Safety Tower," and is the former location of the FIU Police Department. Monkey Jungle Miami Gold Coast First Church of Christ Scientist (1925), Miami is split roughly into north south west and Downtown areas the heart of the city is Downtown Miami which is on the eastern side and includes the neighborhoods of Brickell Virginia Key Watson Island as well as PortMiami Downtown Miami is Florida's largest and most influential central business district with many major banks courthouses financial headquarters cultural and tourist attractions schools parks and a large residential population Brickell Avenue has the largest concentration of international banks in the United States Just northwest of Downtown is the Health District which is Miami's center for hospitals research institutes and biotechnology with hospitals such as Jackson Memorial Hospital and the University of Miami's Leonard M Miller School of Medicine. As a result of climate change there have been small numbers of several new species normally native to cooler areas to the north: snowy owls snow buntings harlequin ducks and razorbills These have been seen in the northern part of the state, The Everglades are a complex system of interdependent ecosystems Marjory Stoneman Douglas described the area as a "River of Grass" in 1947 though that metaphor represents only a portion of the system the area recognized as the Everglades prior to drainage was a web of marshes and prairies 4,000 square miles (10,000 km2) in size Borders between ecosystems are subtle or imperceptible These systems shift grow and shrink die or reappear within years or decades Geologic factors climate and the frequency of fire help to create maintain or replace the ecosystems in the Everglades, Westwood Lakes 24% Migrants to the region who wanted to develop plantations first proposed draining the Everglades in 1848 but no work of this type was attempted until 1882 Canals were constructed throughout the first half of the 20th century and spurred the South Florida economy prompting land development in 1947 Congress formed the Central and Southern Florida Flood Control Project which built 1,400 miles (2,300 km) of canals levees and water control devices the Miami metropolitan area grew substantially at this time and Everglades water was diverted to cities Portions of the Everglades were transformed into farmland where the primary crop was sugarcane Approximately 50 percent of the original Everglades has been developed as agricultural or urban areas. On November 9 2007 Concourse a was closed as part of the North Terminal Development Project it had been closed in order to speed up completion of the North Terminal project as well as facilitate the addition of the Automated People Mover (APM) system that now spans the length of the North Terminal the infrastructure of Concourse a reopened on July 20 2010 as an extension of Concourse D.

After the watershed events of Hurricane Andrew in 1992 the state of Florida began investing in economic development through the Office of Trade Tourism and Economic Development Governor Jeb Bush realized that watershed events such as Andrew negatively impacted Florida's backbone industry of tourism severely the office was directed to target Medical/Bio-Sciences among others Three years later the Scripps Research Institute (TSRI) announced it had chosen Florida for its newest expansion in 2003 TSRI announced plans to establish a major science center in Palm Beach a 364,000 square feet (33,800 m2) facility on 100 acres (40 ha) which TSRI planned to occupy in 2006! The Mayaimi (also Maymi Maimi) were Native American people who lived around Lake Mayaimi (now Lake Okeechobee) in the Belle Glade area of Florida from the beginning of the Common Era until the 17th or 18th century in the languages of the Mayaimi Calusa and Tequesta tribes Mayaimi meant "big water." the origin of the language has not been determined as the meanings of only ten words were recorded before extinction the linguist Julian Granberry states that the language of the Calusa Mayaimi (which he calls Guacata) and Tequesta people is related to the Tunica language the current name Okeechobee is derived from the Hitchiti word meaning "big water" the Mayaimis have no linguistic or cultural relationship with the Miamis of Great Lakes region the city of Miami is named after the Miami River which derived its name from Lake Mayaimi, A series of biennial reports from the U.S National Research Council have reviewed the progress of CERP the fourth report in the series released in 2012 found that little progress has been made in restoring the core of the remaining Everglades ecosystem; instead most project construction so far has occurred along its periphery the report noted that to reverse ongoing ecosystem declines it will be necessary to expedite restoration projects that target the central Everglades and to improve both the quality and quantity of the water in the ecosystem to better understand the potential implications of the current slow pace of progress the report assessed the current status of ten Everglades ecosystem attributes including phosphorus loads peat depth and populations of snail kites birds of prey that are endangered in South Florida Most attributes received grades ranging from C (degraded) to D (significantly degraded) but the snail kite received a grade of F (near irreversible damage) the report also assessed the future trajectory of each ecosystem attribute under three restoration scenarios: improved water quality improved hydrology and improvements to both water quality and hydrology which helped highlight the urgency of restoration actions to benefit a wide range of ecosystem attributes and demonstrate the cost of inaction Overall the report concluded that substantial near-term progress to address both water quality and hydrology in the central Everglades is needed to reverse ongoing degradation before it is too late; ! 3% The consistent Everglades flooding is fed by the extensive Kissimmee Caloosahatchee Miami Myakka and Peace Rivers in central Florida the Kissimmee River is a broad floodplain that empties directly into Lake Okeechobee which at 730 square miles (1,900 km2) with an average depth of 9 feet (2.7 m) is a vast but shallow lake Soil deposits in the Everglades basin indicate that peat is deposited where the land is flooded consistently throughout the year Calcium deposits are left behind when flooding is shorter the deposits occur in areas where water rises and falls depending on rainfall as opposed to water being stored in the rock from one year to the next Calcium deposits are present where more limestone is exposed, 2000 U.S Census Wet prairies are slightly elevated like sawgrass marshes but with greater plant diversity the surface is covered in water only three to seven months of the year and the water is on average shallow at only 4 inches (10 cm) deep When flooded the marl can support a variety of water plants Solution holes or deep pits where the limestone has worn away may remain flooded even when the prairies are dry and they support aquatic invertebrates such as crayfish and snails and larval amphibians which feed young wading birds These regions tend to border between sloughs and sawgrass marshes, Contents 3.1 2000s: a new era 3.1 Schools and colleges Miami Florida Business directory.